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Tungsten Trioxide
Tungsten(VI) oxide, also known as tungsten trioxide or
tungstic anhydride, WO3, is a chemical compound containing
oxygen and the transition metal tungsten. It is obtained as
an intermediate in the recovery of tungsten from its
minerals. Tungsten ores are treated with alkalis to produce
WO3. Further reaction with carbon or hydrogen gas reduces
tungsten trioxide to the pure metal.
2WO3 + 3C + heat
→
2W + 3CO2
WO3 + 3H2 + heat
→
W + 3H2O
Tungsten(VI) oxide occurs naturally in form of hydrates,
which include minerals: tungstite WO3•H2O, meymacite
WO3•2H2O and hydrotungstite (of same composition as
meymacite, however sometimes written as H2WO4). These
minerals are rare to very rare secondary tungsten minerals.
Tungsten trioxide can be prepared in several different ways.
CaWO4, or scheelite, is allowed to react with HCl to produce
tungstic acid, which decomposes to WO3 and water at high
temperatures.
CaWO4 + 2HCl
→
CaCl2 + H2WO4
H2WO4 + heat
→
H2O + WO3
Another common way to synthesize WO3 is by calcination of
ammonium paratungstate (APT) under oxidizing conditions:
(NH4)10[H2W12O42]•4H2O
→
12 WO3 + 10NH3 + 11H2O
|
Grade |
WO3
(%,Min.) |
Impurities (%, Max. ) |
|
Al |
As |
Bi |
Ca |
Mg |
Cu |
K |
|
WO3-1 |
99.95 |
0.0005 |
0.001 |
0.0001 |
0.0015 |
0.0005 |
0.0003 |
0.001 |
|
Na |
Fe |
Mn |
Mo |
Ni |
P |
Pb |
|
0.001 |
0.001 |
0.0005 |
0.002 |
0.0007 |
0.0007 |
0.0001 |
|
S |
Sb |
Si |
Sn |
Ti |
-- |
-- |
|
0.0007 |
0.0003 |
0.001 |
0.0001 |
0.001 |
-- |
-- |
|
Grade |
WO3
(%,Min.) |
Impurities (%, Max. ) |
|
Al |
As |
Bi |
Ca |
Mg |
Cu |
K |
|
WO3-2 |
99.5 |
0.0015 |
0.01 |
-- |
0.01 |
0.01 |
-- |
0.005 |
|
Na |
Fe |
Mn |
Mo |
Ni |
P |
Pb |
|
0.005 |
0.04 |
-- |
0.03 |
-- |
0.004 |
-- |
|
S |
Sb |
Si |
Sn |
Ti |
-- |
-- |
|
0.006 |
-- |
0.005 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Physical specifications:
|
Grade |
WO3
(%,Min. ) |
Apparent density
(g/cm3) |
Average size
(F.s.s.s.)um |
Screen size(Mesh) 100% |
|
WO3-1 |
99.95 |
2~2.8 |
7~16 |
-40 |
|
WO3-2 |
99.5 |
0.6~1.0 |
0.6~1.5 |
- |
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